BPPV: A Frequent Cause of Dizziness in Older Adults
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a disorder arising from a problem in the inner ear resulting in repeated, brief periods of vertigo. It is typically triggered by changes in the position of the head or with movement. The Mayo Clinic explains BPPV causes brief episodes of mild to intense dizziness and can make you feel as if your surroundings are spinning, a loss of balance or unsteadiness, nausea and vomiting. Episodes typically last a minute or less.
The condition is more common in people over the age of 50 but can occur at any age. While BPPV is more common in women, head injuries and other disorders of the balance organs in the ear can make a person susceptible.
The inside of your ear contains a tiny organ called the vestibular labyrinth, which has three loop-shaped structures of semi-circular canals. These canals contain fluid and fine, hairlike sensors that monitor your head’s rotation. Also in the inner ear, the otolith organs monitor the head’s movement and position as related to gravity; and contain otoconia, or ear stones, that are small crystals of calcium carbonate. When these crystals become dislodged, they disrupt a person’s sense of balance causing BPPV.
A visit to your primary care physician can help rule out other medical causes for your dizziness. Before your appointment, the Mayo Clinic recommends writing down your symptoms, when they began and how often they occur. Be sure to mention if you have had a recent blow to the head. Make a list of your key medical information and medications, vitamins and supplements you take. If the doctor determines your problem is displaced crystals, there are exercises they can teach you to help mitigate symptoms.
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